TY  -  JOUR
AU  -  Lodi, Elisa
AU  -  Reggianini, Letizia
AU  -  Modena, Maria Grazia
T1  -  Kate and Leopold: the odd couple
PY  -  2020
Y1  -  2020-09-01
DO  -  10.1723/3432.34218
JO  -  The Italian Journal of Gender-Specific Medicine
JA  -  Ital J Gender-Specific Med
VL  -  6
IS  -  3
SP  -  142
EP  -  147
PB  -  Il Pensiero Scientifico Editore
SN  -  2612-3487
Y2  -  2026/05/20
UR  -  http://dx.doi.org/10.1723/3432.34218
N2  -  Summary. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) was traditionally considered a purely male disease, and for many years it was underestimated and under-recognized in women. Nevertheless, the burden of CVD in women is increasing, so much so that CVD presently represents the leading cause of female mortality and disability in developing countries. The increased interest in this field highlighted the presence of gender-specific differences in terms of clinical presentation, prevention, treatment, and prognosis. Biological and hormonal differences between sexes should not be underestimated, as they can affect clinical presentation and drug responses.This report is an example of the current gender-related practice in the evaluation and treatment of high-risk cardiovascular patients. A 70-year-old lady with a history of coronary disease, diabetes, hypertension, Parkinson’s, rheumatoid arthritis, and hypothyroidism attended our outpatient clinic for continuous chest pain, exertional dyspnea, malleolar edema. A diagnosis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction was reached after discussing several confounding factors.
ER  -