TY  -  JOUR
AU  -  Bianchini, Marta
AU  -  Puliani, Giulia
AU  -  Chiefari, Alfonsina
AU  -  Lauretta, Rosa
AU  -  Mormando, Marilda
AU  -  Terrenato, Irene
AU  -  Appetecchia, Marialuisa
T1  -  Lifestyle as a risk factor for endocrine diseases: does gender matter? A cross-sectional study
PY  -  2022
Y1  -  2022-05-01
DO  -  10.1723/0000.37952
JO  -  The Italian Journal of Gender-Specific Medicine
JA  -  Ital J Gender-Specific Med
VL  -  8
IS  -  2
SP  -  74
EP  -  80
PB  -  Il Pensiero Scientifico Editore
SN  -  2612-3487
Y2  -  2026/04/15
UR  -  http://dx.doi.org/10.1723/0000.37952
N2  -  Summary. Introduction. Gender-related risk factors have not been sufficiently investigated in the endocrine setting. This study aimed to evaluate gender difference in the determinants of health and their impact on endocrine diseases. Methods. A one-year cross-sectional study, enrolling all patients referring for the first time to our Oncological Endocrinology Unit. We collected data on diseases and gender-related health determinants. Results. We enrolled 1,107 consecutive patients (mean age, 56.8 ± 15.0 years; 77% females). Women had a higher socio-cultural level and followed a healthier lifestyle: alcohol and tobacco consumption were lower in females, and women had lower BMI. BMI was a risk factor for endocrine cancer [OR = 1.07 (95% CI:1.02-1.12) p = 0.003], while physical activity was a protective factor [OR = 0.45 (95% CI: 0.24-0.84) p = 0.013]. A gender-stratified analysis demonstrated that a higher BMI was a risk factor in women and physical activity was a protective factor in men. Smoking and alcohol were not risk factors for endocrine malignancies, while tobacco consumption was a risk factor for non-endocrine cancers [OR = 1.29 (95% CI: 1.01-1.64) p = 0.041]. Discussion. Gender is a health determinant, able to affect lifestyle and habits. Physical activity and BMI seem to be additional risk factors for endocrine malignancies, with a different impact according to gender, which should be considered in lifestyle interventions and patients’ global assessment.
ER  -