TY  -  JOUR
AU  -  Jensen, Adelaide
AU  -  Gambini-Rossano, Luca
AU  -  Schaafsma, Joanna D.
AU  -  Naser, Risvin
AU  -  Novakova Martinkova, Julie
AU  -  Mellino, Simona
AU  -  Ferretti, Maria Teresa
AU  -  Castro-Aldrete, Laura
AU  -  Chadha, Antonella Santuccione
T1  -  Sex differences and possible applications of artificial intelligence in saccular unruptured intracranial aneurysms. A narrative review
PY  -  2024
Y1  -  2024-05-01
DO  -  10.1723/4297.42786
JO  -  Journal of Sex- and Gender-Specific Medicine
JA  -  J Sex Gender Specif Med
VL  -  10
IS  -  2
SP  -  94
EP  -  104
PB  -  Il Pensiero Scientifico Editore
SN  -  2974-8623
Y2  -  2026/05/26
UR  -  http://dx.doi.org/10.1723/4297.42786
N2  -  Summary. Saccular unruptured intracranial aneurysm (UIA) refers to the abnormal bulging of an intracranial artery wall. UIAs are quite prevalent in the general population, affecting approximately 3% of individuals. Females have a significantly greater risk of UIA development, growth, and rupture compared to males, the reasons for which are not yet well understood. The female-to-male prevalence ratio of UIAs is as high as 2.2:1 in populations over 50 years old. This review offers an overview of the current understanding of sex influences in UIAs. We highlight the potential underlying mechanisms that may contribute to such sex influences, including the effects of reproductive aging and hormonal fluctuations on cerebral arteries and inflammation. Additionally, we delve into the role of artificial intelligence in addressing the knowledge gaps and clinical challenges associated with sex-specific UIA detection and management, highlighting the possibility for new AI models to integrate sex considerations in their development and applications. Gaining insight into sex differences in UIAs and harnessing the power of AI technologies can improve risk assessment, personalized treatment approaches, and patient health outcomes.Keywords. Intracranial aneurysm, sex differences, estrogen, menopause, imaging, artificial intelligence.
ER  -